Diesel fuel enhancers improve the uniformity of diesel-air mixing through a multi-dimensional mechanism. Their core principles involve improving fuel physical properties, optimizing spray patterns, promoting turbulent mixing, and suppressing deposit interference. These effects work synergistically to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions.
First, diesel fuel enhancers significantly improve atomization performance by optimizing fuel surface tension and viscosity. Traditional diesel fuel tends to form large droplets during high-pressure injection, resulting in insufficient contact area with air. The surface-active components in diesel fuel enhancers reduce fuel surface tension, causing droplets to break into finer particles upon injection. These particles typically reduce diameter by 30%-50%, forming a more uniform fuel mist. The extended suspension time of these fine droplets in the combustion chamber significantly increases their contact with air, laying the foundation for uniform mixing.
Second, the detergent and dispersant components in diesel fuel enhancers effectively remove carbon deposits and gum deposits from the injectors and combustion chamber. These deposits alter the fuel injection trajectory, leading to fuel jet deviation or poor atomization. For example, carbon deposits within the fuel injector orifice can cause fuel to be injected in a cone shape rather than the ideal hollow cone shape, reducing mixture uniformity. The diesel fuel enhancer restores the precise injection characteristics of the fuel injector by dissolving and stripping these deposits, ensuring that fuel enters the combustion chamber at a predetermined angle and particle size distribution, thereby improving the initial mixture quality.
At the combustion chamber dynamics level, the diesel fuel enhancer strengthens the mixing process by promoting turbulence generation. Its micro-explosion combustion-supporting components can trigger secondary atomization of fuel droplets at high temperatures. When the tiny fuel droplets absorb heat and reach a critical temperature, the internal pressure surges, causing the droplets to burst and further break into nanoscale particles. This "micro-explosion effect" generates strong local turbulence, accelerating air entrainment and mixing, resulting in a more uniform distribution of fuel and air within the combustion chamber. Simultaneously, the oxygen carrier component in the diesel fuel enhancer increases local oxygen concentration, shortens mixture formation time, and reduces areas of excessively rich or lean mixtures caused by uneven mixing.
For the unique spatial atomization mixing mode of diesel engines, the diesel fuel enhancer improves mixing efficiency by optimizing the matching between the fuel and the combustion chamber shape. Its composition adjusts the fuel's evaporation rate, allowing fuel droplets to partially vaporize before impacting the combustion chamber walls. This "pre-vaporization" phenomenon reduces the formation of an oil film on the walls, avoiding the mixing lag problem caused by slow oil film evaporation in traditional diesel engines. Simultaneously, the flow improvers in the diesel fuel enhancer reduce fuel flow resistance in the intake manifold and combustion chamber, allowing air movement to carry fuel particles more smoothly, resulting in a more uniform air-fuel mixture distribution.
Furthermore, the diesel fuel enhancer's control over the cetane number indirectly affects mixing uniformity. Appropriately increasing the cetane number shortens the ignition delay period, concentrating the combustion process more near top dead center. This reduces the duration of the premixed combustion phase, lowering the risk of localized unevenness due to insufficient mixing time. Simultaneously, cetane number optimization suppresses pre-ignition, preventing auto-ignition of the mixture caused by localized overheating, ensuring controlled propagation of the combustion wave, and maintaining mixing uniformity.
At low temperatures, the anti-gel components in the diesel fuel enhancer prevent the precipitation of wax crystals in diesel fuel, maintaining fuel fluidity. Wax crystals can clog fuel filters and alter injection characteristics, leading to a deterioration in the mixture. By maintaining the fluidity of diesel fuel at temperatures below -20°C, diesel fuel enhancer ensures uniform mixing even in cold conditions. Simultaneously, its rust-inhibiting components protect the metal surfaces of the fuel system, preventing rust particles from detaching and contaminating the fuel, further guaranteeing mixture quality.
Finally, long-term use of diesel fuel enhancer forms a protective deposit film, continuously optimizing the mixing environment. Its metal passivators prevent electrochemical corrosion of fuel system components and reduce catalytic coking caused by metal ion dissolution. This protective effect maintains the long-term cleanliness of the injectors and combustion chamber, ensuring that mixture uniformity does not decline with prolonged use, creating a virtuous cycle.
